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← Aṅguttara Nikāya

Three Trainings (2nd)

AN 3.90 · Dutiyasikkhattayasutta

Layered mountain rock above a misty valley.

“Mendicants, these are the three trainings. What three? The training in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom.

And what is the training in the higher ethics? It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and resorting for alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. This is called the training in the higher ethics.

And what is the training in the higher mind? It’s when a mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption … second absorption … third absorption … fourth absorption. This is called the training in the higher mind.

And what is the training in the higher wisdom? It’s when a mendicant realizes the undefiled freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom. And they live having realized it with their own insight in this very life due to the ending of defilements. This is called the training in the higher wisdom. These are the three trainings.

The higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom should be practiced by those energetic, steadfast, and resolute, practicing absorption, mindful, with guarded senses.

As before, so behind; as behind, so before. As below, so above; as above, so below.

As by day, so by night; as by night, so by day. Having mastered every direction with limitless immersion,

they call them a ‘trainee on the path’, and ‘one living a pure life’. But a wise one who has gone to the end of the path they call a ‘Buddha’ in the world.

With the cessation of consciousness, freed by the ending of craving, the liberation of their heart is like a lamp going out.”

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Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato · SuttaCentral · CC0

This translation is an expression of an ancient spiritual text that has been passed down by the Buddhist tradition for the benefit of all sentient beings. It is dedicated to the public domain via Creative Commons Zero (CC0). You are encouraged to copy, reproduce, adapt, alter, or otherwise make use of this translation. The translator respectfully requests that any use be in accordance with the values and principles of the Buddhist community. In particular, please do not use this work in AI training datasets, for the development of any AI model or algorithm, or in any AI-derived technologies.

Published source. Translation wording and order are preserved; source headings and notes are retained, with navigation and formatting adapted for this reader.

The opening image is AI-generated nature artwork for Buddhist Atlas, an evocative companion rather than a historical depiction.